robots.txt AI Training Opt-Out: Keep Your Search Traffic

On October 30, 2026, Google, Microsoft, OpenAI, and Anthropic said they will honor one shared robots.txt rule for opting out of AI training: a group that starts with User-Agent: __usage_ai-training. It states a training preference only. It does not block crawling, and it does not change Google or Bing search rankings. Most providers have not switched it on yet, so the safe setup for a blog today is the new group plus your existing per-crawler training rules, while leaving search crawlers alone.

Last verified: November 2, 2026. Sources: IETF Internet-Draft draft-kelley-aipref-training-preference-signal-00 (published October 30, 2026), OpenAI crawler documentation, and the October 30, 2026 announcements from Google, Microsoft Bing, and OpenAI. Rollout dates are vendor plans and may change.

What is the __usage_ai-training rule in robots.txt?

The rule comes from an individual IETF Internet-Draft titled “Machine-Readable Training Preference Signal,” written by Kevin Kelley of Anthropic and published on October 30, 2026. The draft expires on May 3, 2027. Its key design choice is that it adds no new robots.txt grammar. You write an ordinary group, and the same path matching and longest-match precedence from RFC 9309 (the robots.txt standard) apply.

Here is the example group from the draft. It states a preference against AI training for the whole site, except a press-kit folder:

User-Agent: __usage_ai-training
Disallow: /
Allow: /press-kit/

Three rules in the draft matter most for bloggers:

  • Wildcards do not count. A User-Agent: * group must not be read as matching the token. An old blanket rule does not opt you out.
  • No group means no preference. If your file has no User-Agent: __usage_ai-training line, you have expressed nothing either way.
  • It is not a crawl directive. The draft says content-usage preferences and traffic-management rules are “independent and orthogonal.” To limit crawling, you still use crawler-specific groups.

The draft borrows its meaning of “AI training” from the AIPREF working group vocabulary (draft-ietf-aipref-vocab-08): using content “to modify the learned parameters of a generative AI model.” Training models used only for classification, ranking, or scoring is not included. That exclusion is one reason the token is safe for search: ranking systems are outside its scope.

Back of a server rack with bundled network cables at a Wikimedia data center in Amsterdam
Crawlers fetch pages from servers like these; the new token only states how fetched content may be used. Photo: Dennis van Zijlekom, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0 / GFDL.

Each vendor splits these jobs a little differently. The table below maps the main controls as of November 2, 2026.

ControlWhat it governsAffects search ranking?Status
__usage_ai-training (robots.txt)Generative AI training, for providers that adopt itNoDraft; vendor rollouts staged through 2027
Google-Extended (robots.txt token)Gemini model training and grounding in Gemini Apps and Vertex AINo (per Google)Works now
Googlebot (robots.txt)Google Search, including AI Overviews and AI ModeYes, blocking removes you from SearchWorks now
Search Console “Search generative AI” settingShowing your links and content in AI Overviews, AI Mode, and Discover AI featuresNot used for the rest of Search (per Google)Works now
GPTBot (robots.txt)OpenAI foundation model trainingNo effect on ChatGPT searchWorks now
OAI-SearchBot (robots.txt)Appearing in ChatGPT search answersBlocking removes you from ChatGPT search answersWorks now
Bing ai-training / ai-grounding (meta tag or header)Microsoft training; use in Bing and Copilot AI answersNo (classic Bing rankings unaffected)Honored from February 1, 2027

How to read the table: rows marked “No” are safe to set if your only goal is to keep content out of training. Rows marked “Yes” or “removes you” are visibility switches. Touch those only if you accept losing traffic from that surface.

OpenAI’s crawler documentation states the split directly: each setting is independent, so a site can allow OAI-SearchBot to appear in ChatGPT search while disallowing GPTBot for training. OpenAI also notes it can take about 24 hours after a robots.txt change for its search systems to adjust.

Copy-paste robots.txt: opt out of AI training, keep search traffic

This file is a starting point for a typical blog. Put it at the root of your domain (for example, https://example.com/robots.txt), merged with whatever rules you already have.

# 1) Shared AI-training preference (IETF draft, rolling out 2026-2027)
User-Agent: __usage_ai-training
Disallow: /

# 2) Vendor training tokens that work today
User-agent: Google-Extended
Disallow: /

User-agent: GPTBot
Disallow: /

User-agent: ClaudeBot
Disallow: /

# 3) Search crawlers: no Disallow rules, so traffic is unaffected
User-agent: *
Allow: /

Sitemap: https://example.com/sitemap.xml

Why keep the vendor groups if the shared token exists? Because the shared token is not live everywhere yet. Google says it aims to support it in 2027, and Microsoft starts on February 1, 2027. Until then, Google-Extended and GPTBot are the controls those companies actually read. The draft also lets providers treat their own tokens as more specific than the shared one, so explicit vendor groups keep your intent clear.

Variation: allow training on some folders

Path rules work exactly like normal robots.txt. To keep posts out of training but allow a public docs folder, write:

User-Agent: __usage_ai-training
Disallow: /
Allow: /docs/

Variation: stay in Gemini answers but not Gemini training

This one is not possible with Google-Extended alone, because that token covers both Gemini training and Gemini grounding. Google’s announcement says websites that specifically allow Google-Extended stay eligible to appear and receive clicks via grounding in Gemini Apps. So the choice is a trade-off: disallow Google-Extended to stay out of Gemini training and grounding, or allow it to keep Gemini grounding traffic.

Who supports the AI training opt-out, and when?

ProviderCommitmentTiming (as announced)Existing control that still works
GoogleWill map the token to Google-Extended when Google-Extended is not set explicitly“Aims to support” in 2027; crawler docs say early 2027Google-Extended
Microsoft (Bing)Supports the shared token plus page-level training and grounding preferencesHonored from February 1, 2027NoArchive / NoCache until March 1, 2027
OpenAIWill honor the shared signalNo public date in its announcement coverageGPTBot
AnthropicAuthor of the draft; supports the signalReported as already rolling outClaudeBot

Google’s Search Central post, written by John Mueller, explains the mapping: when a site uses the policy token to opt out of training “and Google-Extended is not explicitly specified, Google plans to interpret that as if the publisher had disallowed Google-Extended.” Google adds that company-specific controls “will continue to function alongside this new joint signal.”

The draft itself has no formal IETF standing yet. It is an individual draft discussed in the AIPREF working group, and Internet-Drafts can be revised or replaced. Treat the syntax as stable enough to publish now, and recheck it when the draft is revised.

Oct 30, 2026Announced Dec 15, 2026Bing temp grounding Feb 1, 2027Bing honors new tags Mar 1, 2027NoArchive cutoff May 3, 2027Draft -00 expires Sep 30, 2027Temp grounding ends
Key dates from the IETF draft and Microsoft Bing’s October 30, 2026 announcement. Google’s 2027 date has no specific day yet. Diagram by the author.

Bing’s new page-level training and grounding tags

Microsoft described three main options in its announcement: an AI Training setting, an AI Grounding setting, and a Limited Grounding setting that lets your content support Microsoft’s own AI products but not its third-party grounding services. That means a blogger can block training while still letting Copilot cite posts.

The page-level preferences are set with a meta tag or an X-Robots-Tag HTTP header aimed at Bingbot. Published guides covering Microsoft’s documentation show this form:

<meta name="Bingbot" content="ai-training:disallow">

X-Robots-Tag: Bingbot: ai-training:disallow

Check Bing’s own AI preferences help page for the final value names before deploying, since this rollout has not started yet.

If you used NoArchive or NoCache

Since 2023, Bing has treated NoArchive and NoCache as its AI controls. That ends. Here are the dates Microsoft announced:

  • December 15, 2026: temporary grounding controls open in Bing Webmaster Tools for eligible sites using NoArchive or NoCache.
  • February 1, 2027: Bing begins honoring the new preferences as it crawls.
  • March 1, 2027: deadline to configure the new preferences if you want to keep your restrictions.
  • September 30, 2027: temporary grounding preferences expire.

If you added NoArchive years ago for an unrelated reason, this is a good moment to decide whether you still want it at all.

Common robots.txt mistakes that cost search traffic

MistakeWhat actually happensFix
Disallowing Googlebot to stop AI OverviewsYour site drops out of Google Search entirelyUse the Search Console generative AI setting instead, if you want out of AI Overviews
Disallowing OAI-SearchBot to stop trainingYou disappear from ChatGPT search answers; training is a separate crawlerDisallow GPTBot instead
Relying on User-agent: * / Disallow: / for some folders to cover AIThe draft says wildcard groups never match the training tokenAdd an explicit __usage_ai-training group
Expecting Google-Extended to hide you from AI OverviewsNo effect; AI Overviews run on the Search indexDecide on the Search Console setting separately
Writing the token without the double underscoreIt will not match; consumers match tokens exactly (case aside)Copy __usage_ai-training exactly
Blocking Google IP ranges at the firewallCan block Googlebot and other Google servicesUse robots.txt tokens, not IP blocks, for Google

What the new AI training rule cannot do

  • Not retroactive. The draft ties preferences to the robots.txt file “in effect when the asset was retrieved.” Pages fetched before you added the rule were collected under the old file.
  • Voluntary. robots.txt is honored by companies that choose to honor it. A bot that ignores it is not stopped. For enforcement, you need a firewall or bot-management service.
  • Training only. Live grounding and user-triggered fetches are separate. OpenAI notes that ChatGPT-User visits are started by users and “robots.txt rules may not apply.”
  • Private deals win. The draft says private agreements may override preferences expressed through this mechanism.
  • Still a draft. The token name or rules could change before any standard is published.
Cloudflare users: coverage of Cloudflare’s “Disallow AI Training” setting says it can publish a no-training preference in robots.txt for you while keeping search crawlers working. Check your dashboard before editing robots.txt by hand, so the two do not conflict.

10-minute setup checklist for bloggers

  1. Open https://yourdomain.com/robots.txt in a browser and save a copy of the current file.
  2. Add the User-Agent: __usage_ai-training group with Disallow: / (plus any Allow paths you want to share).
  3. Add or confirm Disallow groups for Google-Extended, GPTBot, and ClaudeBot.
  4. Search the file for Googlebot, Bingbot, and OAI-SearchBot. Make sure none has Disallow: /.
  5. On WordPress, check whether an SEO plugin generates robots.txt. Edit it there so your change is not overwritten.
  6. If you use NoArchive or NoCache for Bing, put March 1, 2027 on your calendar.
  7. Decide separately whether you want to appear in AI Overviews, ChatGPT search, and Copilot answers. Leave those on if AI referrals matter to you.
  8. Run Google Search Console’s robots.txt report after publishing to confirm Google fetched the new file.

FAQ

Will blocking AI training in robots.txt hurt my Google rankings?

No, as long as you use training tokens. Google says Google-Extended does not affect inclusion or ranking in Google Search, and the shared token is mapped onto Google-Extended. Rankings are only at risk if you disallow Googlebot itself.

Does __usage_ai-training remove my site from AI Overviews?

No. AI Overviews and AI Mode are built from Google’s Search index. Google offers a separate Search Console setting for those features. The training token only covers model training.

Do I still need GPTBot and Google-Extended rules?

Yes, for now. Google plans support in 2027 and OpenAI has not given a date, so their own tokens are what work today. The draft also lets providers treat their own tokens as more specific than the shared one.

Does User-agent: * with Disallow: / opt me out of AI training?

Under the new draft, a wildcard group never matches the training token, so it expresses no training preference. It would also block search crawlers, which costs you traffic. Use an explicit __usage_ai-training group instead.

Will the rule remove my old posts from AI models?

No. The preference applies to content fetched while the rule is in your robots.txt. Content collected or trained on earlier is not covered, and the draft provides no deletion mechanism.

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